暑假的号角即将吹响，紧罗密布的托福刷分之旅即将开启。身边的小伙伴，有首考就顺利分手托福的，也有偏科严重的——听口不错，但读写上不去。尤其好多低龄考生，一看到阅读那么多字就“头大”：做一篇还行、两篇勉强、三篇云里雾里、四篇不知所味。
又临托福改革，好消息是不再有加试，只考两篇阅读，对耐力不高的考生利好。坏消息是，改革后容错率大大降低，22分的原始分对应30分的卷面满分，意味着得高分、满分难上加难。想趁着7月26日改革前再冲一波的考生，有效训练非常重要。
对阅读项来说，刷题必不可少，但刷题之前的储备更为重要！这个储备包括了：词汇、句子理解、题型思路、段落分析。显然，除了老师的课堂引导，课下的精读需要做起来！
这次老师选了一篇地质话题Ocean and Atmosphere on Early Earth（20年真题 paragraph 3）作为我们的精读示范。原文如下，是个长段落，同学们可以自己先试着精读分析再结合老师做的参考。
真题
What would have happened if Earth had stayed a water world? Probably global temperatures would have remained high or even increased. For animal life to form, the temperature had to drop from the levels acknowledged to have been characteristic of Archaean time (about 4 to 2.5 billion years ago). A drop in global temperature while the Sun was getting hotter required a drastic reduction of atmospheric CO2—a reduction of the greenhouse effect. Thus there had to be some means of removing CO2. The most effective way to do this is through the formation of limestone, which uses CO2 as one of its building blocks and thus removes it from the atmosphere. But significant volumes of limestone form today only in shallow water; the most effective limestone formation occurs in depths of less than 20 feet (6 meters). In deeper water, high concentrations of dissolved CO2 slow or inhibit the chemical reactions that lead to limestone formation. There is evidence of deep-water, inorganic limestone formation in very old rocks on Earth, as demonstrated by geologist John Grotzinger and his team. These studies showed that early Earth's ocean may have been saturated in the compounds that can produce limestone and thus could have formed solid limestone in deeper water at that time, removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as a consequence. However, Grotzinger points out that occurrences of carbonate rocks such as limestone during the early Archaean—roughly the first billion years of Earth's existence—are rare. And this is only partly due to the rarity of rocks of this age. It looks as though the central mode of removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere-the formation of carbonate rocks-seldom occurred.
明确精读的要求
1）单句理解主干和结构优先原则；
2）有意识关注段落主旨句及展开论证方式；
3）同步积累语境核心生词，准确把握词性和语境意思；
4）留意段内句间逻辑关系，思考段落层次；
5）尝试对段落各层次进行中文概括，提高阅读效率。
解析
What would have happened if Earth had stayed a water world? Probably global temperatures would have remained high or even increased.（设问句） For animal life to form, the temperature had to drop from the levels acknowledged to have been characteristic of Archaean time (about 4 to 2.5 billion years ago). A drop in global temperature while the Sun was getting hotter required a drastic reduction of atmospheric CO2—a reduction of the greenhouse effect. Thus there had to be some means of removing CO2.【主旨句：接下去会介绍为了让生命存在降低温度移除大气层二氧化碳的手段。】 The most effective way to do this is through the formation of limestone, which uses CO2 as one of its building blocks and thus removes it from the atmosphere.【承接前文，移除大气层中二氧化碳最有效方式是通过形成石灰岩】 // But significant volumes of limestone form today only in shallow water; the most effective limestone formation occurs in depths of less than 20 feet (6 meters). In deeper water, high concentrations of dissolved CO2 slow or inhibit the chemical reactions that lead to limestone formation.【强调了形成石灰岩的必要条件：浅水+理由】 // There is evidence of deep-water, inorganic limestone formation in very old rocks on Earth, as demonstrated by geologist John Grotzinger and his team. These studies showed that early Earth's ocean may have been saturated in the compounds that can produce limestone and thus could have formed solid limestone in deeper water at that time, removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as a consequence.【举了一个反例：在深水中也可以形成石灰岩】 // However, Grotzinger points out that occurrences of carbonate rocks such as limestone during the early Archaean—roughly the first billion years of Earth's existence—are rare. And this is only partly due to the rarity of rocks of this age. It looks as though the central mode of removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere-the formation of carbonate rocks-seldom occurred.【转折，推翻前面的反例，说明石灰岩得在浅水中形成】
道阻且长，行则将至！虽然精读费时（正常精读一篇大概需要1-1.5H），但效果显著！希望大家积极行动，阅读高分一定属于努力的你！
